Wosokoneza dera

A circuit breaker amatanthauza chipangizo chosinthira chomwe chimatha kutseka, kunyamula ndi kusweka pakali pano m'malo oyenda bwino ndipo chimatha kutseka, kunyamula ndi kuswa mphamvu yamagetsi munthawi yanthawi yodziwika.Ma circuit breakers amagawidwa kukhala ophwanya ma frequency high-voltage ndi otsika-voltage circuit breakers malinga ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito.

Ma circuit breakers amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kugawa mphamvu zamagetsi, kuyambitsa ma asynchronous motors pafupipafupi, ndikuteteza mizere yamagetsi ndi ma mota.Akakhala ndi zolemetsa zazikulu kapena zofupikitsa komanso zocheperako, amatha kudula gawolo.Ntchito yake ndi yofanana ndi kusintha kwa fuse.Kuphatikiza ndi kutenthedwa ndi underheating relay, etc. Komanso, sikoyenera kusintha zigawo zikuluzikulu pambuyo kuswa cholakwika panopa.Lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Kugawa mphamvu ndi njira yofunika kwambiri pakupanga, kutumiza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi.Dongosolo logawa magetsi limaphatikizapo ma thiransifoma ndi zida zamagetsi zingapo zapamwamba komanso zotsika, ndipo chowotcha chamagetsi otsika ndi chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito:

Wowononga dera nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makina olumikizirana, makina ozimitsa a arc, makina ogwiritsira ntchito, kumasula, ndi casing.

Kuzungulira kwakanthawi kochepa, mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imapangidwa ndi mphamvu yayikulu (nthawi zambiri 10 mpaka 12) imapambana mphamvu yamasika, kutulutsa kumakoka makina ogwiritsira ntchito kuti achitepo kanthu, ndipo kusinthako kumayenda nthawi yomweyo.Pamene zodzaza, zamakono zimakhala zazikulu, kutentha kwa kutentha kumawonjezeka, ndipo pepala la bimetallic limapunduka pamlingo wina kuti lipititse patsogolo machitidwe a makina (akuluakulu amakono, afupikitsa nthawi yochitapo kanthu).

Pali mtundu wamagetsi, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito transformer kusonkhanitsa zamakono za gawo lililonse ndikufanizira ndi mtengo wokhazikitsidwa.Zomwe zilipo pakalipano, microprocessor imatumiza chizindikiro kuti kutulutsa kwamagetsi kumayendetsa makina ogwiritsira ntchito.

Ntchito ya woyendetsa dera ndikudula ndi kulumikiza dera la katundu, komanso kudula dera lolakwika, kuteteza ngozi kuti isakule, ndikuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yotetezeka.Chowotcha chamagetsi champhamvu kwambiri chiyenera kuthyola ma 1500V arcs ndi 1500-2000A pano.Ma arcs awa amatha kutambasulidwa mpaka 2m ndikupitilira kuyaka popanda kuzimitsidwa.Chifukwa chake, kuzimitsa kwa arc ndivuto lomwe oyendetsa magetsi othamanga kwambiri ayenera kuthetsa.

Mfundo ya kuwomba kwa arc ndi kuzimitsa kwa arc makamaka kuziziritsa arc kuti muchepetse kusungunuka kwa kutentha.Komano, kutalikitsa arc ndi kuwomba arc kulimbitsa recombination ndi kufalikira kwa particles mlandu, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, particles mlandu mu arc kusiyana ndi kuwomberedwa kutali, ndi dielectric mphamvu sing'anga kubwezeretsedwa mwamsanga. .

Otsika magetsi othamanga, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ma switch a automatic air, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyatsa ndi kuzimitsa mabwalo olemetsa, komanso atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera ma mota omwe amayamba pafupipafupi.Ntchito yake ndi yofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa zina kapena ntchito zonse za zida zamagetsi monga switch knife, overcurrent relay, voltage loss relay, thermal relay ndi leakage protector.Ndichida chofunikira choteteza magetsi pamagetsi otsika kwambiri.

Zowonongeka zamagetsi zotsika zimakhala ndi ubwino wa ntchito zambiri zotetezera (zowonjezera, zowonongeka, zowonongeka, ndi zina zotero), mtengo wosinthika, mphamvu zowonongeka, ntchito yabwino, ndi chitetezo, kotero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Kapangidwe ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito The low-voltage circuit breaker imapangidwa ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito, zolumikizirana, zida zodzitetezera (zotulutsa zosiyanasiyana), ndi makina ozimitsa a arc.

Zolumikizana zazikulu za otsika-voltage circuit breakers amayendetsedwa pamanja kapena kutsekedwa ndi magetsi.Kulumikizana kwakukulu kukatsekedwa, njira yaulere yaulendo imatseka kukhudzana kwakukulu pamalo otsekedwa.Coil ya kumasulidwa kwa overcurrent ndi chinthu chotenthetsera cha kumasulidwa kwa kutentha kumagwirizanitsidwa motsatizana ndi dera lalikulu, ndipo coil ya kumasulidwa kwa undervoltage imagwirizanitsidwa mofanana ndi magetsi.Deralo likakhala lalifupi kapena litalemedwa kwambiri, chida cha kutulutsidwa kwanthawi yayitali chimakokedwa kuti chipangitse njira yaulendo waulere, ndipo kulumikizana kwakukulu kumadula dera lalikulu.Dongosolo likadzaza kwambiri, gawo lotenthetsera la kutulutsa kwamafuta limatenthedwa ndikupindika bimetal, ndikukankhira njira yotulutsa yaulere kuti igwire.Pamene dera likuphwanyidwa, mphamvu ya kumasulidwa kwa undervoltage imatulutsidwa.Yambitsaninso njira yaulere yaulendo.Kutulutsidwa kwa shunt kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira kutali.Panthawi yogwira ntchito bwino, koyilo yake imazimitsidwa.Mukafunika kuwongolera mtunda, dinani batani loyambira kuti mupatse mphamvu koyilo.

Zofunikira zazikulu:

Makhalidwe a wophwanya dera makamaka akuphatikizapo: oveteredwa voteji Ue;oveteredwa panopa Mu;chitetezo chochulukirachulukira (Ir kapena Irth) ndi chitetezo chozungulira pang'ono (Im) mayendedwe apano;idavotera nthawi yayitali (yowononga mafakitale Icu; wowononga nyumba Icn ) Dikirani.

Kuvoteledwa kwa Voltage (Ue): Awa ndi voteji pomwe wophwanyira dera amagwira ntchito mokhazikika (osasokoneza).

Pakali pano (Mu): Uwu ndiye mtengo wapamwamba wapano womwe woyendetsa dera wokhala ndi njira yapadera yolumikizirana maulendo amatha kupirira kutentha komwe kwafotokozedwa ndi wopanga, ndipo sikudutsa malire a kutentha omwe afotokozedwa ndi gawo lapano.

Mtengo wokhazikika waulendo wanthawi yayitali (Im): Maulendo afupipafupi aulendo (nthawi yomweyo kapena kuchedwa pang'ono) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthamangitsa woyendetsa dera pomwe vuto lalikulu likuchitika, ndipo malire ake ndi Im.

Mphamvu yosweka pang'onopang'ono (Icu kapena Icn): Kuthamanga kwafupipafupi kwafupipafupi kwa woyendetsa dera ndi mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri (woyembekezeredwa) womwe woyendetsa dera akhoza kuthyoka popanda kuonongeka.Miyezo yamakono yomwe imaperekedwa muyeso ndi mtengo wa rms wa chigawo cha AC cha vuto lamakono, ndipo gawo laling'ono la DC (lomwe limapezeka nthawi yochepa kwambiri) limaganiziridwa kuti ndi zero powerengera mtengo wokhazikika. .Miyezo ya ophwanya dera la mafakitale (Icu) ndi mavoti ophwanya dera lanyumba (Icn) nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa mu kA rms.

Short-circuit breaking capacity (Ics): Mphamvu yosweka ya wothyola dera imagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: yovotera mphamvu yosweka pang'onopang'ono ndikuvotera mphamvu yosweka pang'onopang'ono.