Zida za Photovoltaic panel ndi chipangizo chopangira magetsi chomwe chimapanga magetsi mwachindunji chikakhala ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndipo chimakhala ndi maselo olimba olimba a photovoltaic pafupifupi opangidwa ndi zida za semiconductor monga silicon.
Popeza palibe magawo osuntha, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali popanda kuchititsa kuvala.Maselo osavuta a photovoltaic amatha mphamvu mawotchi ndi makompyuta, pamene makina ovuta kwambiri a photovoltaic angapereke kuunikira kwa nyumba ndi magetsi.Misonkhano yamagulu a Photovoltaic imatha kupangidwa mosiyanasiyana, ndipo misonkhanoyi imatha kulumikizidwa kuti ipange magetsi ambiri.Zida zamagulu a Photovoltaic zimagwiritsidwa ntchito padenga la nyumba ndi nyumba, ndipo zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mbali ya mazenera, skylights kapena shading zipangizo.Kuyika kwa photovoltaic kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa nyumba zomangidwa ndi photovoltaic systems.
Ma cell a solar:
Maselo a dzuwa a silicon a Monocrystalline
Kujambula kwa photoelectric kutembenuka kwa maselo a dzuwa a monocrystalline silicon ndi pafupifupi 15%, ndipo apamwamba kwambiri ndi 24%, omwe ndi opambana kwambiri a photoelectric kutembenuka kwa mitundu yonse ya maselo a dzuwa pakalipano, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri moti sungagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri. ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Ambiri ntchito.Popeza silicon ya monocrystalline nthawi zambiri imakutidwa ndi galasi lotentha komanso utomoni wosalowa madzi, ndi yamphamvu komanso yolimba, ndipo moyo wake wautumiki nthawi zambiri umakhala zaka 15, mpaka zaka 25.
Ma cell a solar a polycrystalline silicon
Njira yopangira ma cell a solar a polycrystalline silicon ndi ofanana ndi ma cell a solar a monocrystalline silicon, koma kusinthika kwazithunzi kwa ma cell a dzuwa a polycrystalline silicon ndikotsika kwambiri.ma cell a solar a polycrystalline silicon apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi).Pankhani ya mtengo wopangira, ndi yotsika mtengo kuposa ma cell a solar a monocrystalline silicon, zinthuzo ndi zosavuta kupanga, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumasungidwa, ndipo mtengo wonse wopangira ndi wotsika, motero wapangidwa kwambiri.Kuphatikiza apo, moyo wautumiki wa ma cell a solar a polycrystalline silicon ndiwofupika kuposa ma cell a solar a monocrystalline silicon.Pankhani ya magwiridwe antchito, ma cell a solar a monocrystalline silicon ndi abwinoko pang'ono.
Amorphous silicon solar cell
Amorphous silicon solar cell ndi mtundu watsopano wa solar cell cell woonda kwambiri womwe unawonekera mu 1976. Ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi njira yopangira monocrystalline silicon ndi polycrystalline silicon solar cell.Njirayi imakhala yosavuta kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito zida za silicon ndizochepa kwambiri, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumakhala kotsika.Ubwino wake ndi woti imatha kupanga magetsi ngakhale m'malo opepuka.Komabe, vuto lalikulu la amorphous silicon solar cell ndiloti kutembenuka kwa photoelectric kumakhala kochepa, mlingo wapamwamba wapadziko lonse ndi pafupifupi 10%, ndipo siwokhazikika mokwanira.Ndi nthawi yowonjezera, kutembenuka kwake kumachepa.
Multi-compound solar cell
Ma cell a solar ophatikizika ambiri amatanthawuza ma cell a solar omwe sanapangidwe ndi zida za semiconductor imodzi.Pali mitundu yambiri ya kafukufuku m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, ambiri mwa iwo sanakhale otukuka, makamaka kuphatikizapo zotsatirazi: a) cadmium sulfide maselo a dzuwa b) gallium arsenide solar cell c) copper indium selenide solar cell (a new multi-bandgap gradient Cu). (Mu, Ga) Se2 filimu woonda ma cell solar)
Mawonekedwe:
Iwo ali mkulu photoelectric kutembenuka dzuwa ndi kudalirika mkulu;ukadaulo wapamwamba wofalitsa umatsimikizira kusinthasintha kwa kutembenuka mtima mu chip chonse;amaonetsetsa madutsidwe magetsi wabwino, adhesion odalirika ndi ma elekitirodi solderability wabwino;mawaya olondola kwambiri Zithunzi zosindikizidwa komanso kutsika kwakukulu zimapangitsa batire kukhala yosavuta kuyiyika yokha ndikudula laser.
Solar cell module
1. Laminate
2. Aluminium alloy imateteza laminate ndipo imagwira ntchito inayake posindikiza ndi kuthandizira
3. Bokosi la Junction Imateteza njira yonse yopangira magetsi ndipo imakhala ngati malo osinthira pano.Ngati chigawocho ndi chachifupi chozungulira, bokosi lolumikizira limangotulutsa chingwe chachifupi cha batire kuti dongosolo lonse lisatenthedwe.Chofunikira kwambiri m'bokosi lolumikizirana ndikusankha ma diode.Kutengera mtundu wa ma cell omwe ali mu module, ma diode ofananira nawonso amasiyana.
4. Ntchito yosindikiza ya silicone, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza mgwirizano pakati pa chigawocho ndi chimango cha aluminiyamu alloy, chigawocho ndi bokosi lolumikizana.Makampani ena amagwiritsa ntchito tepi yomatira yokhala ndi mbali ziwiri ndi thovu m'malo mwa gel osakaniza.Silicone imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku China.Njirayi ndi yosavuta, yabwino, yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso yotsika mtengo.otsika kwambiri.
kapangidwe ka laminate
1. Galasi yotentha: ntchito yake ndi kuteteza thupi lalikulu la mphamvu zamagetsi (monga batri), kusankha kufalitsa kuwala kumafunika, ndipo kuwala kwa kuwala kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu (nthawi zambiri kuposa 91%);ultra-white mkwiyo mankhwala.
2. EVA: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumangiriza ndi kukonza galasi lotentha komanso gawo lalikulu lamagetsi (monga mabatire).Ubwino wazinthu zowonekera za EVA zimakhudza mwachindunji moyo wa module.EVA yowululidwa ndi mpweya ndiyosavuta kukalamba ndikutembenukira chikasu, motero imakhudza kufalikira kwa module.Kuphatikiza pa khalidwe la EVA palokha, njira yochepetsera ya opanga ma module ndi yamphamvu kwambiri.Mwachitsanzo, kukhuthala kwa zomatira za EVA sikuli koyenera, ndipo mphamvu yomangirira ya EVA ku magalasi opumira ndi ndege yakumbuyo sikokwanira, zomwe zingapangitse kuti EVA asachedwe.Kukalamba kumakhudza gawo la moyo.
3. Bungwe lalikulu lopangira mphamvu: Ntchito yaikulu ndi kupanga magetsi.Msika waukulu wopangira magetsi ndi ma crystalline silicon solar cell ndi ma cell a solar opyapyala.Onse ali ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwawo.Mtengo wa chip ndi wokwera, koma kutembenuka kwa photoelectric ndikokweranso.Ndizoyenera kwambiri kuti ma cell a solar amafilimu opyapyala apange magetsi panja panja.Mtengo wa zida zofananira ndi wokwera, koma mtengo wamagetsi ndi batire ndizotsika kwambiri, koma kusinthika kwazithunzi kumaposa theka la cell ya crystalline silicon.Koma kuwala kochepa kumakhala bwino kwambiri, ndipo kungathenso kupanga magetsi pansi pa kuwala wamba.
4. Zinthu za backplane, kusindikiza, insulating ndi madzi (nthawi zambiri TPT, TPE, etc.) ayenera kugonjetsedwa ndi ukalamba.Ambiri opanga zigawo ali ndi chitsimikizo cha zaka 25.Magalasi otenthedwa ndi aluminiyamu aloyi nthawi zambiri amakhala abwino.Mfungulo ili kumbuyo.Kaya bolodi ndi gel osakaniza silika akhoza kukwaniritsa zofunika.Sinthani zofunikira za ndime iyi 1. Ikhoza kupereka mphamvu zokwanira zamakina, kotero kuti gawo la selo la dzuwa likhoza kupirira kupsinjika komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa, kugwedezeka, etc. ;2. Ili ndi zabwino 3. Ili ndi ntchito yabwino yotchinjiriza magetsi;4. Lili ndi mphamvu zotsutsana ndi ultraviolet;5. Mphamvu yogwira ntchito ndi mphamvu zotulutsa zimapangidwira malinga ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana.Perekani njira zosiyanasiyana zamawaya kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi, zamakono komanso zamagetsi;
5. Kutayika kwachangu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa ma cell a dzuwa pamndandanda ndi kufananiza ndikochepa;
6. Kugwirizana kwa maselo a dzuwa ndi odalirika;
7. Moyo wautali wogwira ntchito, wofuna ma modules a dzuwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito kwa zaka zoposa 20 pansi pa chilengedwe;
8. Pansi pazimene tazitchula pamwambapa, mtengo wa phukusi uyenera kukhala wotsika kwambiri.
Kuwerengera mphamvu:
Dongosolo lamagetsi la solar AC limapangidwa ndi solar panel, control controller, inverters ndi mabatire;makina opangira magetsi a solar DC samaphatikizapo inverter.Pofuna kuti mphamvu yopangira mphamvu ya dzuwa ipereke mphamvu zokwanira zonyamula katundu, m'pofunika kusankha mwanzeru chigawo chilichonse malinga ndi mphamvu ya chipangizo chamagetsi.Tengani mphamvu yotulutsa 100W ndikuigwiritsa ntchito kwa maola 6 patsiku monga chitsanzo pofotokozera njira yowerengera:
1. Choyamba kuwerengera mawatt-maola omwe amadyedwa patsiku (kuphatikiza zotayika za inverter):
Ngati kutembenuka kwamphamvu kwa inverter ndi 90%, pamene mphamvu yotulutsa ndi 100W, mphamvu yeniyeni yofunikira iyenera kukhala 100W / 90% = 111W;ngati ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa maola 5 patsiku, mphamvu yamagetsi ndi 111W * 5 hours = 555Wh.
2. Werengetsani solar panel:
Malinga ndi nthawi yowunikira tsiku ndi tsiku ya maola 6, ndikuganizira momwe kulilitsira komanso kutayika panthawi yolipiritsa, mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu ya solar iyenera kukhala 555Wh/6h/70%=130W.Pakati pawo, 70% ndi mphamvu yeniyeni yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi solar panel panthawi yolipira.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-09-2022
